What Is Dentoalveolar Surgery?

Dentoalveolar surgery refers to procedures that reshape the soft and hard tissues supporting the teeth. The alveolar ridge is part of the jawbone that holds the teeth. Dentoalveolar procedures are the most common type that oral and maxillofacial surgeons perform.

Many procedures fall under the category of dentoalveolar surgery. These procedures include:

Dental Extractions

Many extractions are not complicated, but they are more involved when the tooth is impacted or already broken. Impacted teeth need special care during removal.

Apicoectomy

An apicoectomy is a surgery where the surgeon removes gum tissue and the tip of the tooth's root while the top stays in place. It is also called a "root-end resection." This procedure often becomes necessary when a root canal is not successful. This surgery can save a natural tooth from extraction in many cases.

Biopsies and Cyst Removal

An oral pathology biopsy removes a tissue sample to check for signs of cancer or another disease. Oral surgeons can also remove benign cysts and other lesions.

Root Extractions

Sometimes part of the root is left behind when a tooth breaks or after incomplete tooth extraction. The dentist makes an incision on the gumline and uses a surgical flap to access the jawbone, removing the root.

Recontouring the Alveolar Ridge

Also known as alveoloplasty, this surgery recreates the gums' natural shape. Alveoloplasty is sometimes necessary before dental implant surgery when insufficient jawbone height is a problem. After tooth extraction, the surgeon places a bone graft in the socket left behind. Bone loss can also occur due to gum disease.

Exposure of Teeth for Orthodontics

When teeth cannot erupt on their own, they can cause orthodontic problems. After the orthodontist places braces on the patient's teeth to open a space for the tooth, the oral surgeon exposes the tooth by lifting the gum and applying an orthodontic bracket. At this time, the primary tooth may also need removal. A small chain connects the new bracket to the archwire of the existing braces. Over time, gentle pressure helps the tooth to erupt.

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